Constant Mesh Gear Box
Constant mesh gearbox can be a type of Transmission in which all or most of the gears are always in mesh with one another, instead of a sliding-gear transmission, in which engagement is obtained by sliding some of the gears along a shaft into mesh. In a constant-mesh manual gearbox, Gear ratios are chosen by little Clutches that connect the many gear sets to their shafts to ensure that power can be transmitted through them. The next diagram shows the arrangement of a constant mesh gear box
Construction and functioning of a constant mesh gear box
Constant equipment mesh gearbox employed helical gears for power tranny. The gears are rigidly fixed in the lay shaft. The gears in result shaft rotates freely without engaging with shaft, hence not transmitting power. The gears in both shafts are at all times meshed together.
To activate the gears with output shaft dog clutch is used. the dog clutch is certainly shifted by the seletor fork moved by gear lever.To supply invert gearing a idler gear is used.
When the gear lever is pushed, the apparatus selector fork pushes the dog clutch. The dog clutch engages the gear and the output shaft, hence power from lay shaft right now transmitted to result shaft.
CONSTANT MESH GEARBOX
A constant mesh transmission is a form of manual transmission where sliding gears from the sliding mesh gearbox is replaced with the constantly meshed combines of gears and also the new shifting devices named dog clutches square measure introduced which helps in transmittal the desired output to the the majority of shaft by creating connection with the acceptable pair of the meshed gears.
A constant mesh transmission typically comes with 4 forward speeds and 1 reverse manual tranny configuration.
Why will we wish Constant Mesh Transmission?
The introduction of initial transmission system i.electronic. sliding mesh tranny was an excellent success in cars trade as currently there is a system which can provide needed torsion and speed ratios want by the vehicle to face the road challenges however still there were several vital problems with this gear that raised the query on its efficiency and responsibility. the problems long-faced were as follows-
The shifting of gears wasn’t a simple task because the shifting needed a special technique that wasn’t whatsoever everybody’s cup of tea, a talented driver was needed for generating such vehicle, the special technique needed being Double-de-clutching.
Note – Double-de-clutching- it’s the technique since the name indicates that needed dual engagement and disengagement of clutch for shifting one gear.
f i.electronic. once driver needs to shift the gear he initial presses the clutch pedal and produce the gear to the neutral, than once more he releases the clutch pedal and accelerate so as to extend the quickness of the lay-shaft to ensure that the meshing of applicable gear will happen, save for he presses the clutch pedal and generate the gear lever to the required gear and unleash the clutch pedal and finally the desired gear is obtained.
Since the gears are to be meshed square measure in continuous rotation with a completely different speed than the meshing of these gears will cause breakage to the gear teethes or continuous deterioration is there.
The shifting of gears could be a terribly clamant method.High maintenance is necessary as slippy and meshing of gears causes resistance to wear of shafts and gears.
MAIN PARTS
Clutch Shaft.
Lay Shaft or counter Shaft.
Main Shaft.
Dog clutch.
Gears.
There are various kinds of gears with both spur and helical gears like:
Clutch gear.
First gear.
Second gear.
Reverse gear.
WORKING PRINCIPLE:
In Continuous Mesh Gearbox gearbox, all gears of the primary shaft are in constantly meshed with the corresponding gears of the layshaft or countershaft. Too dog clutches are provided on the primary shaft: one between your clutch equipment and the second gear; and the various other between your first gear and invert gear. The main shaft is manufactured splined and all of the gears are free to move onto it. Dog clutches can slide on the main shaft and rotates with it. All the gears on the countershaft are permanently fixed with it.
When the left dog clutch is made to slide to the left with the help of the gear shift lever, it meshes with the clutch gear and the top speed gear is obtained. When the still left dog clutch meshes with the second gear on the primary shaft, the second speed gear is achieved. Similarly, by sliding the right-hand dog clutch to the left and correct, the first speed gear and reverse equipment are acquired respectively In this kind of gearbox, because all the gears are in continuous mesh, they are secure from being damaged and unpleasant grinding audio does not take place while engaging and disengaging them.
Constant mesh gearbox is utilized for the smooth working of a car. They are used to increase the rotating drive (Torque); this is accompanied by a reduction in speed. It is a type of manual transmission. The invention of earliest manual gear system could be traced back to the nineteenth century. There are multiple gear ratios present which provides various torque and acceleration ratio. Additionally, the reverse mechanism is also present. This manual transmissions which are developed recently contain all of the gears mesh at any given point of time.
In specialized terms, it can be defined as a gearbox where all of the gears are at all times in a state of mesh. The gears remain fixed at their initial positions. The gears will stay engaged at all times. Learn more about its structure, working, advantages, disadvantages and applications in this article.
Construction:
It really is made up of subsequent components:
1. Counter shaft or Lay Shaft:
This shaft is in direct connection with the clutch and the primary shaft. Remember according to the equipment ratio, the rate of the counter shaft may be less that the speed of the engine. The gear ratio can be defined as the ratio of one’s teeth of driven equipment to one’s teeth of the driver equipment.
2. Main shaft:
This shaft operates the speed of the vehicle. The power is made available to the main shaft through the gears from the counter shaft. That is done relative to the gear ratio.
3. Dog clutch:
Dog clutch is unique feature of constant mesh gearbox. It is utilized for the coupling of any two shafts. That is performed by interference. Using a dog clutch, numerous gears could be locked to the result and input shafts.
4. Gears:
The main work of the gears may be the transmission of power between the shafts. If the gear ratio is several, the main shaft will continue to work at a rate that is slower compared to the counter shaft, and vice versa. The arrangement of both reverse, along with forward gears, exists.
Working:
Forward gear selection:
From the input shaft, the energy starts flowing and is split into four parts. Each component goes to one of the result gears, namely first, second, third and fourth. Gear ratios can be obtained for each of them. This is often done by the correct sliding of dog clutch over the teeth of the selected gearwheel. After this the path of the energy movement completes. This happens because of the locking movement of the output shaft.
Reverse gear selection:
The energy will flow from the input shaft to the reverse gears. The power is then transmitted from the reverse gear to the reverse idler. The idler wheel changes the direction of the rotation. In the case of forwarding direction gear selection, the output gears will rotate in a path opposite to the insight gears. However in the case of reverse equipment selection, the rotation can be in the same path as the input shaft.
The steps are taken to change any gear in the continuous mesh gearbox system:
1. The first step when one really wants to change the gear would be the pressing of the clutch. Following this comes the neutral condition of the vehicle to be performed. Proper optimization of the engine’s speed is necessary.
2. After the neutral gear, one moves forward to the first equipment. The first gear. This process is called dual clutching. Inefficiency in performing the above actions might result in a harsh and gnashing sound.
Advantages and Disadvantages of Constant Mesh Gearbox:
Advantages:
The first and foremost benefit of the continuous gear mesh is the usage of helical gears. The double helical gears and the helical gears are really beneficial owing to their quieter operating capabilities
There are many conditions which might cause harm. In the case of constant mesh gearbox, any harm is suffered entirely by your dog clutch teeth. One’s teeth belonging to the gear wheels remain intact. This is simply not the case for sliding mesh equipment box.
The other equipment boxes are noisy and create an undesirable din.
Disadvantages:
It is less efficient than the others due to higher mesh teeth. Skill is necessary for it.
The dual clutch mesh is necessary. This is required to have the spinning movements of the shaft.
Application:
Some of the vehicles which use this kind of gearboxes are farm trucks, motorcycles, and large machinery.
In this type of gearbox, all the gears of the primary shaft are in continuous mesh with the corresponding gears of the counter shaft or lay shaft.
Two dog clutches are provided on the main shaft i.e. one among the clutch gear and the next gear, and the additional between the first equipment and the reverse gear.
Your dog clutch can slide on the shaft and rotate with it. While, all the gears on the counter shaft are rigidly fixed with it.
As and when the left hand dog clutch is made to slide to the left by means of the gear change lever, it meshes with the clutch equipment and the top speed equipment is obtained. When the still left hand dog clutch meshes with second equipment, the second gear is obtained.
Similarly, by sliding correct hand dog clutch to the left and right, the 1st speed gear and reverse gear are obtained respectively.
In this type of gearbox, all the gears are in continuous mesh and hence for this reason, they are safe from being damaged and irritating grinding sound will not happen while engaging and disengaging.

This is how construction and working of constant mesh gearbox can be utilised for your benefit.